C) small variations in the rate of nuclear energy generation in the solar interior A) The Sun rotates faster at its poles. sufficient to halt the collapse. Daylength is longest on the summer solstice and is shortest on the winter solstice. C) about a thousand trillion luminosity is independent of the stellar mass. D) X-ray observations that penetrate the gas Multiple Choice Which of the following is NOT true about Sunspots? Therefore, we believe that our models are accurate if they can reproduce the characteristics of the Sun that we can observe. If the distance between two objects is cut in half, what happens to the What stops the Sun from collapsing under the force of its own, *a. is on the last page, tear it free and turn it in separately. E Sunspots can produce flares and prominences. B Which of the following observations would NOT be an indication of a, a. 10. d. B) With each subsequent peak in the number of sunspots, the magnetic polarity of the Sun is the reverse of the previous peak. E. The circle of illumination passes through both poles. Two of the protons are converted into neutrinos. C) nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium. D) radioactive elements such as uranium and plutonium. A) Nuclei normally repel because they are all positively charged and can be made to stick only when brought close enough for the strong force to take hold. A) The number of sunspots peaks approximately every 11 years. Select only one. C) 4 H becomes 1 He + energy. established a framework to address acid precipitation. A more modern hypothesis was that the Sun shone through the emission of thermal energy resulting from gravitational contraction, but this could only last for about 25 million years, far less than the age of Earth, before the Sun would have contracted to a point. Sunspots can form individually and can come in clusters of multiple sunspots. The dark spots are caused by regions of intense magnetic field, which are up to 2,500 times greater than the field of the earth. C) The brightening and darkening of the Sun that occurs during the sunspot cycle affects plant photosynthesis here on Earth. a somewhat irregular but always present cycle of build-up and, d. B. ionization energy is the amount of energy used to add an electron to an atom. It increases to 2 times . Sunspots can appear in groups, or clusters, and their life-cycle can last from days to weeks to months. Humans have not sent a spacecraft into the interior of the Sun to confirm any models of the interior. B) 4 million tons causes lung irritation, asthma, and susceptibility to respiratory illness in humans. A) The chromosphere is the source of ultraviolet light, and the corona is the source of X rays. 9. They are distributed approximately uniformly over the Sun's surface both in position and in time. (D). Because they are cooler, they emit less thermal radiation per unit area and therefore look dark in contrast to brighter surrounding regions. correlated equilibria) and extrinsic uncertainty in market economies (e.g. C B) Sunspots are brighter than the rest of the Sun's surface. D) constantly rising to the surface through convection. D) No one understood how it could be possible for neutrinos to be produced in the Sun. is ineffective because so few countries have ratified it. mostly carbon dioxide and water vapor. Along the way, changes in the Sun's magnetism produce a greater number of sunspots, more energy and cause solar eruptions of particles. The main cause of sunspots is the suns magnetic field. Fill in a chart like the one shown here to illustrate key aspects of Thomas's voice. E. D) The Sun has exhausted its supply of neutrinos. Write the Tollens' reagent chemical formula. A rapidly rotating neutron star, producing beams of radio energy. C) chemical reactions decreases as mass increases and decreases beyond this limit. A correlated equilibria to the market game is either a sunspot equilibrium or a non-sunspot equilibrium to the related securities games, but the converse is not true in general. They exert pressure outward, counterbalancing atmospheric pressure. sequence forms acid rain The poles have the smallest variation in summer and winter day lengths. If the Sun's core suddenly shrank a little bit, what would happen in the Sun? What processes are involved in the sunspot cycle? D A) collide. An air mass initially reflects the, As the Earth is a much cooler body than the sun, the Earth emits: A. ultraviolet radiation B. short-wave infrared radiation C. long-wave radiation D. visible light radiation, Select the correct map type or mapping method for the above map? The pressure exerted by the atmosphere is not great enough to crush them. (A) The polarity of sunspots reverses typically every 22 years and the sunspot number also goes through a maximum-minimum cycle of 22 years. C) 4 H 4 He + energy. has a charge of +2. C) Energy is transported outward by the rising of hot plasma and the sinking of cooler plasma. What happens to the missing matter? Day-length decreases from the winter solstice until the vernal equinox, when it begins to increase. B E) gradually expanding in size, How do human-built nuclear power plants on Earth generate energy? causes lung irritation, asthma, and susceptibility to respiratory illness in humans. A) The number of sunspots peaks approximately every 11 years. E) The term solar neutrino problem refers to the fact that neutrinos are extremely difficult to detect. The Sun continued to contract until the core became hot enough to sustain nuclear fusion. Under these conditions, hydrogen atoms come so close together that they fuse. Sunspots are often associated with large eruptions on the suns surface known as solar flares. The overall result of the proton-proton chain is A) The sunspot cycle is very steady, so that each 11-year cycle is nearly identical to every other 11-year cycle. These flares are outbursts of charged particles that can affect radio communications on Earth. What problem have observers of solar neutrinos run into? B) We can make a computer model of the Sun's interior that allow us to predict the observable properties of the Sun. What is the term for loops or sheets of glowing gas ejected from active regions on the solar surface? Which of the following statements is not true about the planets so far discovered around other stars? What do we mean when we say that the Sun is in gravitational equilibrium? To estimate the central temperature of the Sun, scientists Therefore, scientists predict that neutrinos should come from the Sun if fusion is occurring in its core. D) Neutrinos rarely, if ever, interact with your computer. a. A) send probes to measure the temperature. The spectral type of a star can be used to determine its colour. They appear dark because they are cooler than other parts of the Sun's surface. Question: Which of the following statements about spectral types of stars is not true? C) The rate of nuclear fusion in the Sun peaks about every 11 years. The "star" appears to wiggle in its path across our sky against, *d. B Sunspots appear darker than the surrounding area because the magnetic field reduces the temperature at the location of the sunspot. a mixture of gases that behaves like single gas. is considered beneficial in trapping UV radiation. Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. D Sunspots on the surface of the Sun are regions of intense magnetic activity, appearing as dark spots in visible light due to the cooler temperatures found in these regions. a #2 pencil only. to theoretical models of the Sun. Anne Danahy B) radioactive decay. Higher-mass stars run through their lives faster and have shorter, b. In 1848, Swiss astronomer Rudolf Wolf used Schwabe and others' results, as well as performing his own observations, to calculate the 11-year cycle and a mathematical method to count the number of. Magnetic fields Line spectra C. Light from sunspots D. The star's magnetic field When the Sun is near solar maximum, it undergoes a much higher rate of violent activity in the form of solar flares. the same mass as the four hydrogen atoms, because any product has, d. Modelo A Mara (le-les) encantan las pelculas romnticas. Which is closest to the temperature of the core of the Sun? with a precise period of 11.3 years. C) They are extremely hot and emit all their radiation as X rays rather than visible light. The borrow material that will be used to construct this fill is stiff clay. They are distributed approximately uniformly over the Sun's surface both in position and in time. Sunspots are cooler than the surrounding region of the Sun's surface. Most choices will fit grammatically and will even make sense logically, but you must choose the pair that best fits the idea of the sentence. B a. a. ________ refers to changes in daylength and the Sun's altitude over the course of the year. No, sunspots are not caused by convection. What is shown by the small-scale changes in the shading in the figure above? affects temperatures. Based on function, the atmosphere has The statement that is not true about solar sunspots is that they are permanent. The region principally absorbs gamma rays, X-rays, and interacts with the solar wind. Curious about the Sun, Galileo used his telescope to learn more. They are distributed approximately uniformly over the Sun's surface both in position and in time. D) Nothing; this is an artist's rendering of the sun. B. True False 3. A) three days ago. E) the winding of magnetic field lines due to the Sun's rotation, What observations characterize solar maximum? D) We can study solar neutrinos. How much mass does the Sun lose through nuclear fusion per second? When sunspots occur, dark spots form on the surface of the sun. Submarine canyons are deep valleys at passive continental boundaries. E) join together to form a nucleus. C) No one understands how it can be possible for neutrinos to be produced in the Sun. D) join together to form a deuterium nucleus. C E) attract one another. D C) This process could not possibly lead to the observed power output of the Sun. the movement of gases in the corona. Glacial moraines show when and where previous episodes of glaciation occurred. Approximately how many neutrinos pass through your body each second? The heating of the localized areas of the atmosphere of one star. After observing the Earth's weather patterns and the 11-year sunspot cycle of the Sun for 36 years, scientists have found that high levels of sunspot activity precede shifts in wind patterns that affect the Earth's weather. A high-mass star near the end of its life undergoes successive, cycles The beginning of a solar cycle is a solar minimum, or when the Sun has the least sunspots. gravitational force between them? Sunspots have a temperature that is about 1,500C cooler than the temperature of the rest of the suns surface. Which of the following processes is involved in the sunspot cycle? gas pressure to halt the collapse. star, within which planets will eventually form. E. CO2 is a by-product of life processes. The interaction between the magnetic fields and the solar plasma can cause sunspots to become unstable, leading to flares, prominences, and other solar eruptions. sunspot equilibria). D The Sun generates energy primarily by nuclear fission. E) all of the above. Convection, or the movement of gas or liquid caused by heat transfer, is not a cause of sunspots, but is instead impeded by the strong magnetic fields that cause sunspots. a. Again, this showed that not everything in the heavens revolved around the Earth. B. *c. C . The first step in the proton-proton chain produces an antielectron, or positron. These are now known as the Galilean moons: Io, Ganymede, Europa and Callisto. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn about Enif from. It increases to 4 times its original magnitude. B Which part of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram is occupied by, c. Because of the electromagnetic force, the two protons will B) regions in the photosphere where magnetic lines gather, creating cooler areas with much less plasma C D) The Sun always has the same amount of mass, creating the same gravitational force. in the rarified space between galaxies. Sunspots have distinct temperatures that are between 3000-4000 Kelvin, while the temperature of the rest of the Sun is 5000-6000 K. Sunspots are also constantly changing in shape and size, as their lifespans range from a few hours to several months. answer choices. E) radiation zone. Which of the following correctly compares the Sun's energy generation process to the energy generation process in human-built nuclear power plants? Describe two general ways we learn about the Sun's interior. They are cooler than their This problem has been solved! C) The chromosphere and corona are both best studied with visible light. Why is the hole in the ozone greatest over Antarctica? D) only by using sophisticated computer models, because there are no observational ways of measuring magnetic field strength. 31)Option - C is . (1gallon of water is 8.36 pounds), Question 5 of 20 Which of the following best explains why the Sun's luminosity gradually rises over billions of years? What is the typical length of time between sunspot minimums and sunspot maximum; that is, what is the typical length of the "sunspot cycle"? B) corona Astronomers create mathematical models that use the laws of physics, the Sun's observed composition and mass, and computers to predict internal conditions. Main sequence stars White dwarfs Red dwarfs Red giant stars Sun-like stars QUESTION 31 Which of the following statements about sunspots is NOT true? a. C. The tropopause serves as a buffer against the pressure exerted by the atmosphere. D) The Sun's gas is on fire like flames from wood or coal, and these flames emit visible light. D. They are surface disturbances caused by magnetic storms. (a) Dete C) The Sun's core gradually expands with time, and this expansion means there is more room for energy to be generated and hence increases the Sun's luminosity. D) gravitational contraction 9. A) the Sun vibrates only on the surface. C) 10,000 years D) They are thick clouds on the sun, blocking its light. 2. Follow the model. What is remote sensing? A) Fusion gradually decreases the number of independent particles in the core, allowing gravity to compress and heat the core, which in turn increases the fusion rate and the Sun's luminosity. Sunspots are typically more common in higher latitudes of the Sun and will appear as dark, round patches. These models make predictions about how bright and how big the Sun is, which we can then compare with observations. The gravitational disturbance of one star's motion by its. Suppose you put two protons near each other. b. The proton-proton chain is We can learn about the densities and other characteristics of the various layers within the Sun by studying how the waves propagate throughout the Sun. E) all of the above. ozone and VOCs. B) They are regions that are significantly cooler than the rest of the photosphere. C. The depletion is restricted to the arctic and antarctic regions. an irregular cycle averaging about 11 years, but sometimes, c. This is because large magnetic fields are concentrated in these areas, inhibiting convection and cooling the surface. E) all of the above. Where are the most massive stars to be found in the main sequence of, b. C) The Sun's mass is about 300,000 times the mass of Earth. D) the Coriolis force Question: Which one of the following is NOT true? a heavy, uncharged nuclear particle, easily detected. Sunspots are caused by groups of unbalanced magnetic fields on the suns surface. C) radiation and elements such as carbon and nitrogen. E. Atmospheric pressure is greatest in the mesosphere. Which of the following is not true of sunspots? C. It decreases to 1/4 its original magnitude. By measuring Doppler shifts of material on the Sun's surface, we observe vibrations of the surface that are created deep within the Sun. Which of the following best explains why nuclear fusion requires bringing nuclei extremely close together? Which of the following is an example of humans influencing solar energy or seasonality? 14. B) The likelihood of seeing solar prominences or solar flares is higher when sunspots are more common and lower when they are less common. B) The density of the core would decrease, causing the core to cool off and expand. Neutrinos from the core collide with gas atoms and prevent them, c. B) Solar neutrinos have been detected, but in fewer numbers than predicted by theoretical models. A) hydrogen compounds. Together, these two factors lead to sunspots appearing darker than the rest of the Sun. A) The Sun's mass is about 300 times the mass of Earth. Which of the following is not true about sunspots? The subsolar point is at the Tropic of Capricorn (23.5 S). E) The sunspot cycle is the cause of global warming. B) remain stationary. We also provide a link between extrinsic uncertainty arising in games (e.g. At the height of this cycle, known as solar maximum, the Sun's magnetic poles flip. Because they are shrouded in very thick atmospheres. What are the appropriate units for the Sun's luminosity? A) helioseismological fluctuations. D Magnetism is caused by attraction when two items are brought together or repulsion when two objects are moved apart. B) They are holes in the solar surface through which we can see through to deeper, darker layers of the Sun. D) they are more likely to have their electronics "fried" by a solar flare during solar maximum. D The training program for muscular endurance should not resemble the activity. C C) 1,000 K. *b. the greater the stellar mass, the less the luminosity. C) The Sun's entire magnetic field flip-flops at the end of each cycle (at solar minimum). During their rotation, the sunspots break up, regroup, and re-form in different configurations, as well as drift across the Suns surface. D) The solar neutrino problem remains as perplexing as ever, and indeed makes everything we think we know about stars suspect. Briefly describe why the fact that we detect neutrinos coming from the Sun supports the idea that the Sun generates energy by nuclear fusion. C) They are all strongly influenced by magnetic fields on the Sun. D) The chromosphere and corona are both best studied with radio telescopes. 38) Which of the following statements about the sunspot cycle is not true? C) The rate of nuclear fusion in the Sun peaks about every 11 years. B) Neutrinos are created as a by-product of the proton-proton chain. Lower-mass stars run through their lives faster and have shorter. Laura miraba a Elin con amor. Sunspots occur in a regular cycle, with the number of sunspots occurring in any given year peaking and waning. By what process do nuclear power plants on the Earth generate energy? c. B) 25 million years D) Our current understanding of fusion in the Sun suggests that all neutrinos should be destroyed before they arrive at Earth, yet neutrinos are being detected. Iron nuclei are so large that they occupy all remaining space and, c. the troposphere and the stratosphere. method of collecting geologic data. What do sunspots, solar prominences, and solar flares all have in common? E) lumps of denser material in the Sun, What are coronal holes? D) converting kinetic energy into electricity A) about 1023 B which of the following is not true of sunspots? Solar flares are a sudden explosion of energy caused by tangling, crossing or reorganizing of magnetic field lines near sunspots. A geographic information system is a They are regions of reduced surface temperature, caused by concentrations of magnetic field flux that inhibit convection. Which of the following types of stars or stellar remnants can have a, mass C) vibrations seen at the solar surface As the core contracts, it heats up and the core returns to its normal operating temperature. D. the timing of Earth's perihelion and aphelion Sunspots are most prevalent in an 11-year cycle; the number of sunspots peaks about every 11 years. companion, c) Determine how many gallons of water will need to be added to each truck. E) The rate of nuclear fusion in the Sun peaks about every 11 years. Three criteria used for classification of the atmosphere are Thus, the observations that confirm this prediction support the theory. A) variations in the height of the solar surface E) 4 H 1 He + energy. 480 km (300 mi) above the Earth's surface. Solar radiation that is intercept by Earth is called. B) It is the primary energy generation mechanism in the Sun today. B) one hundred years ago. C B) It predicted that the Sun would shrink noticeably as we watched it, and the Sun appears to be stable in size. B) p + p becomes 2H + energy. They move across the Sun c. They are permanent d. They are caused by magnetic activity e. They vary in size 3. C) another name for the force that holds protons together in atomic nuclei. A CME erupted on Jan. 30, 2022. Sunspots are more important to global warming than GHGs There is more methane in the atmosphere than carbon dioxide Arctic Greening will absorb most of the carbon we emit to the atmosphere Greenhouse gases are by far the largest contributor to modern global warming Volcanic explosions can cool Earth's climate for hundreds of. C) The Sun emits light of longer average wavelength. The specific type of fusion that occurs inside of the Sun is known as proton-proton fusion. Sunspots are dark, planet-size regions of strong magnetic fields on the surface of the sun. C) Newtons B) The chromosphere is best observed with ultraviolet telescopes and the corona is best observed with X-ray telescopes. The most likely places where stars and planetary systems are forming. D) We are seeing hot gas rising and cool gas falling due to the convection that occurs beneath the surface. Granulation or the mottled appearance of the whole solar surface is. B) repel one another. B) As the Sun was forming, gravitational contraction increased the Sun's temperature until the core become hot enough for nuclear fusion, which ever since has generated the heat that makes the Sun shine. C) radiation and elements like carbon and nitrogen. B) nuclear fusion A) the bubbling pattern on the photosphere produced by the underlying convection d. D) a thousand years ago. A This reduces the energy reaching the surface, and the spots appear much cooler and darker than their surroundings. A pulsating white dwarf star, fluctuating rapidly in brightness. Which of the following statements about solar sunspots is NOT true? sunspots are brighter than the rest of the sun's surface. The Milky Way Galaxy contains over 300 million stars Our solar system consists of 8 planets, more than 100 moons, drawf planets, asteroids, and meteors The planetesimal hypothesis pertains to the formation of the planets. Hint 1. A car travelling at 60km/hr undergoes uniform acceleration at a rate of 2m/s until it's reach velocity of 120km/hr. B , if we change an experiment so to decrease the uncertainty in the location of a particle along an axis, what happens to the uncertainty in the particle is considered beneficial because of the production of O3. The middle of the solar cycle is the solar maximum, or when the Sun has the most sunspots. These heated the interior enough to allow gravitational contraction and nuclear fusion to occur. B) Fission reactions in the Sun have ceased. A) The chromosphere is best observed with infrared telescopes and the corona is best observed with ultraviolet telescopes. A) Theoretical models predict that neutrinos should be produced in the Sun, but no neutrinos have ever been observed to be coming from the Sun. Because they have very thin atmospheres that do not emit, continuum A) 1,000,000 K. unevenly mixed gases that act independently. sunspots are brighter than the rest of the Which approach gives a more accurate estimate of.
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